"The State History of Emperor Carl V" is a fundamental work by Scots historian William Robertson of the XVIII century on the rule of one of Europe's most influential monarchs. First published in 1769, the book was translated into many languages, including Russian. Author: William Robertson (1721-1793), a famous Scottish historian and Presbyterian priest, was a contemporary and friend of such outstanding thinkers as David Yum and Edward Gibbon. Robertson was a royal historian of Scotland and was committed to freedom of conscience and speech, advocating the emancipation of Catholics. About the book: Robertson's work consists of four volumes and covers not only Carl V (1519-1556), but also the pre-event history of Europe from the fall of the Roman Empire to the early XVI. In the first part, the author analyses in detail the development of European societies, which helps to understand the context and the background of the events of the Carl V era. Russian publications: The first Russian translation of the book was performed by Sergei Smirnov and published in St. Petersburg at the Imperial Academy of Sciences in 1775-1778, entitled "History of the State of Emperor Carl Five". Later, in 1839, a new edition was published in the translation of Ivan Barshov, published by the University Printing Institute. Special attention is paid to the influence of the Carl V government on the further development of European States.