The History of the Mental Development of Europe is the seminal work of John William Draper, a 19th-century American scientist known for his work in physiology, chemistry, physics, and history and philosophy. First published in 1862, this book was widely recognized and repeatedly reprinted, including in Russian. The main ideas of the book: Draper considers the historical development of peoples as a process subject to natural laws, similar to those that govern the life of an individual. He distinguishes various "age" in the development of society: century of research, age of faith, age of reason and others, which, in his opinion, are repeated in the history of all peoples. Thus, the author seeks to explain the progressive and progressive development of civilization through the prism of physiological principles. Significance and influence: The history of the intellectual development of Europe is on a par with such significant works as The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin and The History of Civilization in England by Henry Thomas Bocle. It had a significant influence on the development of evolutionary ideas in various sciences in the second half of the 19th century. The History of the Intellectual Development of Europe is a significant contribution to historical and philosophical literature, offering an original look at the patterns of development of human civilization. There are stamps of libraries